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Bone Grafting 101
by Marketing on May 3, 2024 11:20:15 AM
What are bone grafts?
Bone grafts are used to aid the healing and repair process for injuries or bone fractures, as well as the fusion of adjoining bones to help treat chronic pain. A bone graft can fill a gap where bone is missing or help provide structure and stability, and they come in a variety of shapes, sizes, and forms. Common areas where bone grafts are used include hips, knees, spine, and foot/ankle.
What are the main types of bone grafts? What are the benefits and drawbacks?
Autograft is a sample of your own bone tissue and is known as the ‘gold standard’ when it comes to bone grafting. Obtaining autograft typically involves a secondary surgical procedure where tissue is removed from the top of the hip bone (iliac crest). Using a patient’s own tissue increases the chances of successful healing and fusion, and a lower risk of infection and disease transmission. However, the amount of bone tissue that can be collected is limited, and a patient may experience pain at the additional surgical site.Allograft is bone tissue from another person or donor, typically


Which type of bone graft is best?
Despite the advantages of synthetic bone grafts, the use of natural bone grafts (autografts and allografts) remains desirable in many clinical scenarios. Natural bone tissue offers biological properties that synthetic substitutes cannot entirely replicate. These include the presence of natural growth factors, a bone matrix that is more conducive to cellular infiltration and attachment, and the intrinsic ability to remodel into the patient's own bone over time. Moreover, natural bone grafts have a structure that is immediately recognized by the body's healing systems, which can lead to a more predictable integration and healing process.
While synthetic grafts are advancing and becoming more similar to natural bone in their behavior, they may still not provide the same osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties found in natural bone tissue. These properties are crucial for certain types of bone healing and regeneration, particularly in load-bearing areas where the mechanical properties of natural bone are superior. In essence, while synthetic bone grafts are a significant development, especially for patients who cannot undergo additional surgical procedures, natural bone grafts remain the preferred choice in many surgeries for their unique biological benefits that favor long-term success and durability.
All three types of bone grafts offer different advantages and disadvantages, and the type of graft that will work best heavily depends on the patient and the procedure. A physician will take into consideration many factors to determine which graft is best for each individual and each situation.
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/16796-bone-grafting; https://www.piedmont.org/spine/services-treatments/surgical-treatments/spine-typesofbonegrafts; https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/bone-grafting
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